Water Weapons Officer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Water Weapons Officer - Assignment Example From this discussion it is clear that the Fundamentals of Canadian Defence Ethics presented the types of ethical dilemma in three general categories: the uncertainty dilemma which is of general nature but where no clear indication of right and wrong could be simply inferred; competing obligations dilemma, as the term indicates, the number of courses of action and decision complicate the selection since most are consistent with differing ethical values and obligations; and harm dilemma is a difficult ethical situation where a course of action or decision would result to injury or harm.This essay declares that  using the original scenario that needs to determine one’s decision in the capacity of an AWWO, the individual factors that could influence one’s decision lies into the following: â€Å"ego strength, field dependence and locus of control, are suggested to influence the likelihood of a person to act on the cognitions regarding what is ethical or unethical†.à ‚  Individuals who are high on ego strength are said to resist impulses and follow their intuitions regarding what is right or wrong they are more likely to act on what they think is right or wrong – than those who are low on this measure. Individuals deemed to be field dependent are those who more typically refer to the guidance of others in determining what is right or wrong.  The opposite of this, field independent, includes individuals who function with more autonomy than their counterparts.... To response to the question on moral grounds, one can use the readings from Lesson 11 stipulating that although â€Å"loyalty is a functional military necessity, which also implies the need for obedience... (where) most orders do not require blind obedience or instantaneous obedience... (and where) loyalty should be broadly based on personal integrity and trust† (PSE 402: Lesson 11, 2010, p. 4). Further, as emphasized in the same discourse, â€Å"although immediate obligation is to the chain of command, the highest obligation is to humanity at large† (PSE 402: Lesson 11, 2010, p. 6). In addition, another relevant point presented under Lesson 11 is Huntington’s discussion of justifying obedience versus disobedience, to wit: â€Å"Huntington is only referring to lawful orders. He does not imply that a subordinate is obligated to obey a clearly unlawful order† (PSE 402: Lesson 11, 201, p. 8). With the foregoing supporting statements, as AWWO, one should clear ly disobey the Captain’s order (presuming scenario 2 that the Captain deliberately intends to report inaccurate results) due to unlawful order, which is contrary to moral grounds and disregards professionalism in terms of integrity and the obligation to uphold the highest standards of the military profession for the sake of humanity. When one decides to obey the order, which in the first place was unlawful, it would be a precursor for future orders that could be given and expected to be followed despite of being based on lies and immoral grounds. One should remain steadfast in adhereing to the values of truth, integrity, and honor above loyalty to unworthy and compromising cause. 2. Using the Statement of Defence Ethics in the Fundamentals of Canadian Defence Ethics (2002), identify ethical

Persistence Of Memory Essay Example for Free

Persistence Of Memory Essay Art can be used in a number of  Ã‚   ways:   to communicate and activate persistence of memory in people. It is not only in the modern days that art is used for   communication and sensation of memory but also   in the olden times. Just to revisit the kind of writing in the olden times the cuniform way of pictures which represented actions or episodes. On seeing the pictures, one could figure out what that meant. In this, I refer to records maintained in sculptures, paintings, posters, puppets, cartons, shapes e. c.t A carving of an Ape like man could stir somebody’s memory about the early man and the evolution. Pictures drawn or painted and given the names of   some of the Medieval time inventors give   a clear picture of the type of people who lived during the time and their ways of life. This includes clothing mode of transport ( incase of a picture of an old   locomotive). The weapons they used, the houses they used to build e.t.c It is apparent that there were no cameras during those days and before   then, but artists have made things vivid for   scholars to see and figure out how things used to be in the past. Take for example, sculpture or   sculptural/ artifacts which   are all over in the   Museum and other   historic preservation sites. They are sites of   attraction to the modern generation   which   admire their beauty. They impart a lot into the minds of the viewers   and it is unlikely for one to forget what he/she has seen. Colour also has a lot of appealing before the eye of the viewer. Artist have it that different colours   stand for different meanings. For Example Red – May  Ã‚   among others things stand   for   danger Yellow for cowardice, green for peace   and e.t.c. Religious people have different   perspectives on the colours especially Christians associate red with the   blood of Jesus, black with sin and white   with glory   so you can see that colours also   form   persistent memory in people. Nowadays, political critics use cartons in the newspapers to criticize or ridicule politicians or an event they feel should not go uncommented. Cartons analysis enjoy seeing them and getting the fun of   them. You will find that with such cartons one   cannot easily forget the episode  Ã‚   displayed by the cartons. This is another artistic way of creating and maintaining memory in ones mind. Some painting works have remained in the memories of people from the time in the past   to date. If you take the impact the painting of Monalisa about   the last supper and the effect   has with   Christians today, you will marvel about   the magic it holds. Leornado Da Vincil   of Florence painted the Monalisa between 1503-08 but   although Monalisa was stolen in 1911,the effect it had on the Christians still lives today . Since copies   of it and the recreation of much more about it had   been scarred all over the world by the Christians   and the lovers of art.   Today   few makers   have produced   films which are showing   allover the world   over   his artistic   achievements. On seeing a film or paintings about the last supper, Christians are reminded a fresh in their memory of their salvation. Last supper not support   has the symbolism of Jesus giving to   his followers his body and blood in commemoration of their salvation. Educators say that seeing believes. When you watch a   film, you are not likely to forget what you have seen. So, films, play a great role in persistence memory enhancement   for it is not easy for one to forget what he has seeing in a film. The world is full of art. These artistic objects keep on recurring into   our memories when we talk about them or see similar objects. So, there   should be no   doubt that art elucidate in terms of   others and reveal about the way they see the world.

Mimic Essay -- Matrix Snow Society Essays

Mimic Throughout history, writers have attempted to mirror reality in their literature. Sometimes, an author may attempt this feat using the tool of realism, trying desperately to replicate the world that surrounds them everyday. They make only subtle changes, perhaps inventing characters, maybe even a location or two. In other stories, the creator will attempt to parallel life using exaggeration and some rather complex warping of reality and time. This method of well placed hyperbole, and inventive worlds could be considered the foundations of movies such as The Matrix and novels such as Snow Crash In many ways, the motion picture and the book resemble our society. In other ways, they demonstrate what we may become, or extremes of what we are. Either way, they are both thought provoking, albeit sometimes frightening glimpses into the darkness of humanity. The future is a desolate place. The United States as we know it has collapsed, shriveling up into little more than a vague notion of th e great nation that once was. From the ashes of this distraught realm has risen a system of countries within a country. Individual neighborhoods have broken down to become their own independent nations. In this wasteland of a society, laws no longer exist. Such absence of authority has allowed the mafia to grow, or rather morph into what would appear to be a legitimate pizza franchise. This is the future as predicted by Neal Stephenson in Snow Crash. On the other hand The Matrix, written and directed by the Wachowski brothers, shows an alternate outcome of human existence. With the rise of artificial intelligence, man and machine wage war against each other. The society of men think that without the sun, the machines will not survive. T... ... find our world today more chaotic than we, in the modern world, find the future civilizations portrayed in these modern works of literature. The authors may have intentionally made life more complex in the future, to make it seem as overwhelming to us as our world may seem to someone living a hundred years ago. Throughout time societies have changed greatly, and if all goes well, it will continue to do so. But one thing that has not changed very much is the desire of writers to write what they see. Often writers will take what is around them, and distort it into some sort of setting that is more pleasing to the storyline. But one their characters and situations still mirror the current life. This is true most great literature. Works Cited Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash. New York: Bantam Dell, 1992. Wachowski, Larry & Andy. The Matrix. DVD. Warner B Mimic Essay -- Matrix Snow Society Essays Mimic Throughout history, writers have attempted to mirror reality in their literature. Sometimes, an author may attempt this feat using the tool of realism, trying desperately to replicate the world that surrounds them everyday. They make only subtle changes, perhaps inventing characters, maybe even a location or two. In other stories, the creator will attempt to parallel life using exaggeration and some rather complex warping of reality and time. This method of well placed hyperbole, and inventive worlds could be considered the foundations of movies such as The Matrix and novels such as Snow Crash In many ways, the motion picture and the book resemble our society. In other ways, they demonstrate what we may become, or extremes of what we are. Either way, they are both thought provoking, albeit sometimes frightening glimpses into the darkness of humanity. The future is a desolate place. The United States as we know it has collapsed, shriveling up into little more than a vague notion of th e great nation that once was. From the ashes of this distraught realm has risen a system of countries within a country. Individual neighborhoods have broken down to become their own independent nations. In this wasteland of a society, laws no longer exist. Such absence of authority has allowed the mafia to grow, or rather morph into what would appear to be a legitimate pizza franchise. This is the future as predicted by Neal Stephenson in Snow Crash. On the other hand The Matrix, written and directed by the Wachowski brothers, shows an alternate outcome of human existence. With the rise of artificial intelligence, man and machine wage war against each other. The society of men think that without the sun, the machines will not survive. T... ... find our world today more chaotic than we, in the modern world, find the future civilizations portrayed in these modern works of literature. The authors may have intentionally made life more complex in the future, to make it seem as overwhelming to us as our world may seem to someone living a hundred years ago. Throughout time societies have changed greatly, and if all goes well, it will continue to do so. But one thing that has not changed very much is the desire of writers to write what they see. Often writers will take what is around them, and distort it into some sort of setting that is more pleasing to the storyline. But one their characters and situations still mirror the current life. This is true most great literature. Works Cited Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash. New York: Bantam Dell, 1992. Wachowski, Larry & Andy. The Matrix. DVD. Warner B

Effects Of A Non-Traditional Family On Children Essay -- Family Studie

A family helps mold each person into who they eventually will become. The family is a guide for the success of a child's future. The stability of family creates a building block for how the child will progress throughout life. When parents divorce, the children are left with no stability causing them to lose basic concepts of childhood that may carry with them throughout life. Children of divorced parents have less success and happiness creating less productive citizens in our nation. Watching parents take a home from a traditional family lifestyle to a "broken" home by getting a divorce is very devastating to a child's mental well-being. As Judith Seltzer notes, "Recent reviews summarize evidence that children are emotionally distressed by parents' separation. Young children, especially, are depressed and anxious, and they feel torn by loyalties to both parents" (283). While some researchers believe "[p]arental divorce is associated with substantial short-term elevations in children's emotional distressÂ…, [t]here is a great deal of evidenceÂ…that for some youths divorce remains problematic throughout adolescence" (Aseltine 133). In my personal experience with parental divorce, depression was a major distress. My parents divorced when I was a junior in high school living in a small town. One month after the divorce I moved to a new city by myself for two months, and then my mother moved. I was very much without parental supervision for the rest of my life. My mother was there for me when I asked, but I took care of myself. I did not start experiencing depression until I was in college and dealing with the normal stresses of working too much, taking fifteen hours of classes, and involved in a serious relationship. These ... ...o witness the separation of their parents and are put through many changes within life tend to be more susceptible to depression creating less productivity for society. Children of divorced parents also have a harder time learning and paying attention in the classroom which will set them behind their peers creating more difficulty being successful later in life. As previously stated, as children develop into teenagers and young adults they have a more open view of premarital sex than their peers. They tend to fear marriage more than other young adults from traditional homes. This can create more difficulty with success due to what they may incur from the choices of premarital sex or choosing to live single. With the growing rate of divorce and more children facing these challenges our society is threatened by citizens being less capable of helping our nation succeed.

Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (Maven)

Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN) The red planet Mars has long been a cultural and scientific fascination. People have pondered for decades over the biological potential of the planet and its past. Geological features on Mars resembling dry riverbeds, and the discovery of minerals that form in the presence of water, suggest that Mars once had a thicker atmosphere and was warm enough to allow liquid water to flow on the surface.But phenomenally, the Mars that is seen today is radically different — barren, lifeless, and dry. Why? In hopes of uncovering the answers to these mysteries, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) will launch its newest mission to Mars, the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN). Set to launch in November 18, 2013, MAVEN has been given the task of exploring the Martian upper atmosphere, the planet’s ionosphere and its interactions with the sun and solar wind. NASA) It will be the first mission devoted to this understanding. According to NASA, MAVEN data will be used to determine how the loss of volatile compounds (such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and water) from Mars’s atmosphere to space has influenced the evolution of the planet’s atmosphere and climate. Clearly, the mission is expected to provide insights into liquid water and habitability on the red planet. The means by which the data harvested by MAVEN will achieve its primary scientific objectives have been determined.Scientists plan to infer how the Martian atmosphere changed over the course of time by measuring the current rate of escape to space of atmospheric gases and understanding the ways by which they do. (Wikipedia) To extract information on Mars, the four hundred eighty-five million dollar MAVEN space probe has been equipped with the latest scientific instruments, processed into three different instrumental suite packages. (NASA Science) One of which includes the Particles and Field Package.This specific package will be largely responsible for measuring solar wind, ionospheric electrons and magnetic fields, and magnetosheath ion density and velocity. Another package included is the Remote Sensing Package, which contains an ultraviolet spectrometer that will be used to measure the global characteristics of Mars’s upper atmosphere and ionosphere. The final package, the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer Package, will have the work of assigning measurements to the composition and isotopes of neutral gases and ions found in the planet’s atmosphere.With these instruments, MAVEN will gather substantial atmospheric information from its orbit 3,870 miles above the planet's surface. (Wikipedia) Currently, scientists believe that Mars may have lost most of its atmosphere due to a process known as â€Å"sputtering,† by which high-energy photons from the sun transform molecules into ions that are eventually carried out of the atmosphere and away fr om the planet by the magnetic fields generated by solar winds. NASA) The objective of the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN) is expected to provide evidence for the mentioned theory. While that may only be an expectation, one thing is for sure, in discovering the answers to the mysteries of Mars, we as humans will too certainly extend our senses as a whole in our quest to understand the secrets of our origins, and the destiny that lies ahead.

Johann bernoulli essays

Johann bernoulli essays Johann Bernoulli, a member of the worlds most successful mathematical family, the Bernoullis. Johann Bernoulli was born in Basel, Switzerland on August 6, 1667, exactly when the Civil War ended. Johann s family was originally from a small town called Antwerp, Belgium, but escaped to avoid persecution by Catholics. His mother Margretha Bernoulli was a local official and his father Nicolaus Bernoulli was a great merchant. His father wanted Johann to become a merchant like himself but Johann terribly failed as an apprentice. After Johann failed as an apprentice, he begged his father for permission to enter college. In 1683, his father gave him permission, he attended the University of Basel. The University of Basel was where his older brother Jacob Bernoulli was a professor. While a student at Basel he studied medicine and was tutored in math by Jacob, who was a great mathematician. A few years after learning math from his brother Jacob, he developed a mastery of the new Leibnizian Calculus. Johann became so great at math, it broke up his relationship with Jacob because of Jacobs jealousy of Johann. In 1694 Johann committed himself to math and received his doctorate on a mathematical paper on muscular movement. A year later, his wife Drothea gave birth to their first child named Nikolaus after Johann s father. Later after graduating from Basel, Johann took a trip to Paris. While there he met the leading mathematician L Hospital. L Hospital convinced Johann into teaching him calculus for a fee. After being taught by Johann, L Hospital published a book on fifferential calculus. Everything L Hospital wrote was from Johann notes and letters but L Hospital claimed all Johann s work as his own. Their friendship suddenly ended. After Johann came back from Paris Johann tried to get the seat of mathematics at Basel but couldnt because Jacob held it. Soon after Johann was denied the s...

This essay is about Paul Laurence Dunbars poem the seedling. It reviews the poem and Dunbar as the first reconized black poet.

This essay is about Paul Laurence Dunbars poem the seedling. It reviews the poem and Dunbar as the first reconized black poet. Dunbar was one of the first African Americans to gain national eminence for being a poet. He was recognized mostly because he wasn?t just a black leader but his ideas could be applied to anyone and everyone. Through his work he was trying to make the whole world a better place not just his race. He realized that the whole world would have to change before anything would happen about the inequalities that his people faced were changed. He was born in 1872 in Dayton Ohio and only lives to 33 years old. Even though his young death he excelled as a prolific poet.In seedling Dunbar uses a struggling seedling trying to become a beautiful flower as a metaphor of blacks struggling for equality. The seedling in his poem first sets up a mind set that even if I?m not the best I?m going to be the best I can.Dunbar's Number in Twitter ConversationsAfter setting a goal the seedling tries to achieve it, it first looks around and surveys it?s situation. Then it calls on its brother Stem to help out. Soon after two leaves are formed on Stem. Then after that it kept growing and became a plant. After becoming a plant it gathered rain and sunshine, and blossomed into a beautiful flower. Then its work is done and its goal is accomplished.Dunbar used a flower to show his people?s struggles to fight racism and to gain equality. He showed that first you need to set a goal. Then in order to obtain that goal you will need help from others. No matter how smart you are you will need help from friends. After your friends helped you, you need to keep going and work towards your goal. But most importantly even if you are white and reading his poems...

Overview and Examples of Asking Questions in German

Overview and Examples of Asking Questions in German When asking questions in German you can ask direct questions that elicit yes/no answers with the verb at the head. However, in this article, we will focus on the other way of questioning, that is the well-known five Ws (and one H) of questioning that is useful in gathering factual information.The five Ws (and one H) in English are: Who? What? Where? When? Why? How? These are translated into the following 6 Ws in German: Wer? Was? Wo? Wann? Warum? Wie? They usually stand at the head of the sentence followed by the verb in the second position:Wann kommt er zurà ¼ck? (When is he coming back?)Lets examine each one in more detail: Wer This is one of the two W-words (Fragewà ¶rter) that are declinable. Nominative: Wer? Who? Wer hat meinen Keks gegessen? (Who ate my cookie?)Genitive: Wessen? Whose? Wessen Buch ist das? (Whose book is this?)The genitive form wessen is not used very much anymore. Instead it has been replaced by the more popular dative - Wem gehà ¶rt dieses Buch? Accusative: Wen? Who/Whom? Wen will er heiraten? (Who does he want to marry?)Dative: Wem? Who/ To whom? Wem hast du ein Geschenk gegeben? (Whom did you give a present to?) Was Is almost identical with wer s declination Nominative: Was?Was hat die Frau gesagt? (What did the woman say?)Genitive: Wessen? Wessen wird sie angeklagt? (What is she accused of?)Accusative: Was?Was will er trinken? (What does he want to drink?)Dative: None In the German language, instead of declining was in the dative, the prepositional adverb wo(r) will be used, along with a preposition. For example:Woran denkt er? (What is he thinking of?)Womit wirst du das bezahlen? (With what -How are you paying for that?)You will often hear another version of saying such sentences, such as Mit was wirst du das bezahlen? Von was denkst du?, but it is incorrect. Wo Where should actually be translated into two words - Wo and Wohin. Unlike English which uses where for both location and the direction somebody/something is going to, German does make that distinction. You use wo when asking where the location of something is, you use wohin when asking the direction someone/something is going to. Wohin is separable. For example:Wo ist mein Handy? (Where is my cellphone?)Wo geht sie denn hin? (Where is she going (to)?)Another variation of wo is woher. This signifies from where and should be used rather than the often incorrect way of saying Von wo in the sentence Von wo kommst du? Instead say: Woher kommst du? (Where do you come from?). Tip: Wer and wo are false cognates. Just think of them as opposites from the English equivalent and youll always get it right.Wo WhereWho Wer Wann Is also not declinable, but just as in English, it will often be used with other conjunctions to specify its meaning:Seit wannSeit wann schlft er? (Since when is he sleeping?)Bis wannBis wann bleibt deine Mutter hier? (Till when is your mother staying here?) Warum For why both the term warum and wieso can be used interchangeably. Weshalb is also used, but not as much as the first two adverbs. Wie   Wie is very straightforward. It is not declinable, doesnt have synonyms and means only one thing - how. For example:Wie lange spielst du schon Klavier? (How long have you been playing the piano?)Wie lange - How longWie oft spielst du Klavier? (How often do you play the piano?)Wie oft - How oftenWie weit ist es bis zur Musikschule? (How far is it to the music school?)Wie weit - How farWie viel kostet diese Handtasche? (How much does this handbag cost?Wie viel - How muchWie viele Punkte hat dieser Marienkfer? (How many dots does this ladybug have?)Wie viele - How many

Week8 cal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week8 cal - Essay Example nts with regard to carrying out research internally or externally, and also how related matters or politics within the organisation could best be managed. Various types of organisational politics were discussed. I learnt about PAR i.e participatory action research, and about grounded research i.e. research where data is collected and then a theory developed, rather than the more usual creation of a hypothesis in the first instance. Research ethics was considered both from the reciprocity point of view i.e where researchers and those under consideration could both benefit, and also from a safety/informed consent/confidentiality view point. Bell and Bryman, (2007) stated that ethics should not just be a check list to be completed, but an aspirational part of research design. The members of my learning set helped me on the subject of research being emancipatory, that is free from imposed constraints, or not. The main features of PAR are diversity, case orientation, collaboration, the linking of social action to scientific knowledge, eclecticism, using local knowledge and the emergent process. In my particular situation it is collaboration between the various sectors within the company which needs to be improved and this will require the participation and intervention of top management. Zuber-Skerritt and Perry in 2002 made suggestions as to how to both connect, and at the same time differentiate, between the theories behind a piece of research and the pragmatic actions required. I will be able to follow their advice during the preparation for my thesis. My major concern is improving the motivation levels of employees as I stated earlier. The creation of knowledge and its dissemination are improving. There are employees who have come gradually to understand the importance of this, but others remain seemingly overly concerned about their job security, feeling that if lots of information is created and shared around this could place their further employment in

Technopoly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Technopoly - Essay Example Postman talks about the fact that how the society has transformed. He argues that the society’s culture seems more like a tool using culture in present scenario and it is losing the natural elements that were present in the culture before. His constant arguments about technology made people to consider him as the Critics of Technology. The book ‘Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology’ states Postman arguments, ideas and thoughts about the new culture being adopted by the society of which he was highly against. He argues that United States is the only country to have developed into Technopoly. He believes that Technology is not a friend; it is not constructive but destructive to the society. He is of the opinion that the dark side to the invention and adoption of technology by the society is that the culture without moral foundation was evolving. Technology is considered as both friend and enemy. This book reveals that how gradually technology has become a threat and enemy to the society. The book is comprised of eleven chapters. Each chapter talks about the element technology from a different perspective, Chapter number one, ‘The Judgment of Thamus’ points to Phaedrus where Socrates tells him a story about Thamus who was a King in the city of Egypt. Postman believed that the story is a total paradox of technology in today’s age. He explains that the story involves the issue of a person who is doubtfulabout the innovation of writing and how people will become less intellectual because of their lack of reliance on their minds. He defends his reason of incorporating the story of Thamus in the start of the essay, He defends his argument by saying â€Å"I begin my book with this legend because in Thamus ‘response there are several sound principles from which we may begin to learn how to think† (Postman, 1993,

Franklin D. Roosevelt Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Franklin D. Roosevelt - Research Paper Example Throughout his career, Roosevelt gained immense success in all the positions he held; this made him one of the most celebrated leaders America has ever had. Born on January 30th, 1882 in New York to James Roosevelt and Sara Delano Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt was the only child from this wealthy family. During his younger days, he received home training from home tutors until he was 14 years when he joined Groton school in Massachusetts (Coker 11). After his studies in Groton school, he went to study a bachelor’s degree in history in Harvard University for three years. Roosevelt later joined Columbia University to study law. In 1907, he exited from the university after passing the bar examination, which allowed him to practice law for three years in New York (Renshaw 15). During his studies in Columbia University, Roosevelt had married Anna Eleanor Roosevelt in 1905. Roosevelt and Anna got six children, and Roosevelt spent most of his time with his children (Black 266). In 1910, Roosevelt made his first attempt in politics where he vied for the New York City senator through the Democratic Party. Roosevelt emerged the winner and became the New York senator; he held this position till 1914 after his re-election in 1912. In the senate, he served under the Wilson administration as the assistant secretary of the navy. Roosevelt gained immense experience from this position after closely working with Josephus Daniels who was the secretary of the navy at the time (Renshaw 16). Roosevelt demonstrated exemplary leadership skills while working as the assistant secretary to the navy, something which was noted by democrat leaders. By the time America was getting into World War I, Roosevelt had already put America’s naval plant into its most efficient way to fight the battle. Roosevelt was also hugely instrumental in advising the United States on the best war plan on the battle of the North Sea that helped in weakening the

Hillary Clinton will be elected president in 2008 Essay

Hillary Clinton will be elected president in 2008 - Essay Example The Iraq war has become unpopular with many Americans. Although the official cause for the war in Iraq was to free Iraqis from the rule of Saddam Hussein, fight terrorism, and eliminate the "weapons of mass destruction" that were supposedly being stockpiled by Hussein, inspectors were not able to confirm the existence of those weapons and a large number of Iraqis see the US Army as an occupation force, not as an army of liberation. The information that linked Hussein to Al-Queda has been proven to be false. Many believe that the war was really over control of Iraq's oil resources. The war originally seemed to be successful, as the US Military defeated Iraq's official army quickly and occupied Baghdad; however, there is currently a continuous civil war in Iraq that seems to be unwinnable by America. The only reliable method of winning guerilla wars is genocide, which no one in America supports. The US Army is becoming overextended. There have also been accusations and proved cases of torture in American prison camps, and the price of oil has been constantly rising in the past few years. Hillary Clinton has stated clearly that if she becomes the president, she will end it- "If President Bush does not end the war, when Hillary Clinton is president, she will. ... And today she described how she would bring the war to an end" (Clinton, 2007). Clinton's three-part plan for ending the war includes setting up a gradual redeployment plan, attempting to broker peace between the parties involved in the Iraqi Civil War, and attempting to set up alliances with other nations in the region to help stabilize Iraq. A major problem that is facing the world in the twenty-first century is global warming. Hillary Clinton offers a good plan to slow the progress of global warming. The rate of global warming could accelerate rapidly as positive feedback loops occur. Many citizens are concerned about the effects of global warming, as the process could be extremely destructive to America and the world. The level on concern has been increasing over time-"Most Americans blame emissions from cars and industrial plants as the primary cause of global warming and believe the United States should reduce levels even if other countries don't, a survey shows. Fifty-six percent of poll respondents said the phenomenon of global warming has been proven, and can be largely blamed on human endeavors, such as power plants and factories, according to the CNN/Opinion Research Corp. poll. In comparison, 21 percent of those surveyed claimed global warming problems are caused either by natural changes or are unproven. Sixt y-six percent of Americans believe the United States should do what it can to reduce global warming, even if other nations ignore it. This compares with 52 percent of respondents who believed that way in 2001" ( Poll shows Americans getting more concerned about global warming, 2007). Dependance on foreign oil imports is also a situation that scares many Americans. "Centered on a cap

Objectives and Implications of the Organization Essay

Objectives and Implications of the Organization - Essay Example A new business organization initially has to strengthen it hold on the market by with standing the challenged faced. A small company or new company will have less of public recognisition, more expenses on enhancing the public visibility to make their products popular. So the objectives initially will be to enhance the sales turnover, to acquire the investment for aggressive growth strategies. Sustainability depends upon the competition, the type of products at offer and the distinctiveness of the products. As the seasons changes the products marketing strategies may place the product in a better position. Revival of sales plans: The sales of the products reflect the growth of the organisation. The more the sales the more will be the revenue generated. So, companies strive to keep up the sales margins high even in the competitive environment. A series of steps are initialed to reach the sales targets by ripping on the seasonal demands like in the festive seasons the electronics or garments industries comes out with discounted prices, more incentive programs to entice the consumers and peg up the sales. Aiming at new markets: Organizations at times develops strategies to enter new markets by market research on the new regions where there can considerable customer base ignored by the local competitors and has a chance to unleash. Market research explores the market value and the profitability of the products thus giving a clear idea for investments plans.

Hillary Clinton will be elected president in 2008 Essay

Hillary Clinton will be elected president in 2008 - Essay Example The Iraq war has become unpopular with many Americans. Although the official cause for the war in Iraq was to free Iraqis from the rule of Saddam Hussein, fight terrorism, and eliminate the "weapons of mass destruction" that were supposedly being stockpiled by Hussein, inspectors were not able to confirm the existence of those weapons and a large number of Iraqis see the US Army as an occupation force, not as an army of liberation. The information that linked Hussein to Al-Queda has been proven to be false. Many believe that the war was really over control of Iraq's oil resources. The war originally seemed to be successful, as the US Military defeated Iraq's official army quickly and occupied Baghdad; however, there is currently a continuous civil war in Iraq that seems to be unwinnable by America. The only reliable method of winning guerilla wars is genocide, which no one in America supports. The US Army is becoming overextended. There have also been accusations and proved cases of torture in American prison camps, and the price of oil has been constantly rising in the past few years. Hillary Clinton has stated clearly that if she becomes the president, she will end it- "If President Bush does not end the war, when Hillary Clinton is president, she will. ... And today she described how she would bring the war to an end" (Clinton, 2007). Clinton's three-part plan for ending the war includes setting up a gradual redeployment plan, attempting to broker peace between the parties involved in the Iraqi Civil War, and attempting to set up alliances with other nations in the region to help stabilize Iraq. A major problem that is facing the world in the twenty-first century is global warming. Hillary Clinton offers a good plan to slow the progress of global warming. The rate of global warming could accelerate rapidly as positive feedback loops occur. Many citizens are concerned about the effects of global warming, as the process could be extremely destructive to America and the world. The level on concern has been increasing over time-"Most Americans blame emissions from cars and industrial plants as the primary cause of global warming and believe the United States should reduce levels even if other countries don't, a survey shows. Fifty-six percent of poll respondents said the phenomenon of global warming has been proven, and can be largely blamed on human endeavors, such as power plants and factories, according to the CNN/Opinion Research Corp. poll. In comparison, 21 percent of those surveyed claimed global warming problems are caused either by natural changes or are unproven. Sixt y-six percent of Americans believe the United States should do what it can to reduce global warming, even if other nations ignore it. This compares with 52 percent of respondents who believed that way in 2001" ( Poll shows Americans getting more concerned about global warming, 2007). Dependance on foreign oil imports is also a situation that scares many Americans. "Centered on a cap

Art Appreciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Art Appreciation - Essay Example This will also include regard granted to prominent artists and illustrate their contribution in the field (Beigel 3). Self portrait as part of art work bears a perfectly self-explanatory title by just looking at the structure which depicts its name (Beigel 3). The portrait on discussion and which will be appreciated is an excellent art work with a picture of Piper (Beigel 3). In the portrait, Piper is drawn with the artist revealing her noise being broader, lips fuller than they are in reality (Beigel 3). The portrait of Piper also demonstrates a voluminous luxuriant afro hair similar to the actual hair cover of Piper (Beigel 3). On the same portrait, there is minimal showoff attack on the racial stereotyping (Beigel 5). This is to despite the ironic theme of the drawing. The portrait cannot be treated as just a mere plain work of art but as a tool for searching responses to racism (Beigel 5). In appreciation, the portrait also reveals the sense of emotional works which is directly revealed on the female face. To begin with, the title of the art is self explanatory relating to what the name exactly says. The facial presentation of the drawing shows a direct gazing which seems to be symbolic of how her art confronts society in everyday life (Beigel 5). Piper is the only figure the artwork. The entire portrait only reveals the face, hair up to the shoulders. The portrait posture faces the viewer as the body is grounded at the surface of the portrait (Beigel 8). With her face rough and massive, there is no addition distinct expression on the face of the drawing (Beigel 8). In addition to this, the use of the lines on the drawing is exposed of being heavy, dark and thick. The contours are designed to openly reveal the face to be a woman due to its shape and features added (Beigel 8). Moreover, the texture displayed in the portrait by the artist is totally uneven

Education - high school Essay Example for Free

Education high school Essay High school, as well as college, is just another part in everyone’s lives. Almost everyone goes through such a transition between two very diverse and different worlds. These diverse worlds can be compared and contrasted; however, not all are aware of the possible similarities and differences between them. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast the students in high school and students college in terms of the level of the academics, time schedule, as well as the culture practiced by each student. First of all, high school is the first step to a higher level of learning. High school equips us with the proper knowledge needed in order to survive college and other higher levels of learning. Also, there are many subjects in high school such as: math, science, English, art, piano classes and many other subjects. The students are more relaxed and they will learn more carefully. Compared to the time schedule of college students, high school students’ schedules are much more fixed because the standard call time is at 7:30 a. m. and end at 3:00p. m. Students are much more immature and they need guidance in order to lead themselves to better lives. They study inside a single classroom all day, thus having little freedom; on the other hand, the students in the college have different single rooms for each subject. College, on the other hand, is a different story. The subjects a student will learn and discuss are much more specific since students finally chose the best major and a career path students will take in the future. College students are more experience and their workload is much more complex and heavy. They have more responsibilities to carry out in college. The curriculum is much more specific and complicated because detailed topics are being discussed regarding your chosen career path. College student’s time schedules are very flexible because the students can choose their own desired time schedule. These students are much more outgoing and independent compared to high school students. The culture of college students is much more diverse because there is a huge number of students inside a college; many student come from all over the world. College introduce students to each others culture and nationality. People can really see the distinctive difference between these two phases in life; however, there are also some similarities students will experience during their transition into college live. Friends from your high school will usually be there for you especially when you keep a constant connection between them. Studying habits such as cramming for a test or homework, breaking the rules and disciplinary sanctions are still evident in both high school and college to help each other’s. To sum up, we all know that almost all students goes through high school and college. We can compare that college is much more challenging and complex than high school. This is a higher level of learning, thus, requiring more time, effort as well as devotion to studies. Even though college is very tiring at time, I still believe that college is a much more enjoyable and exciting. To have that kind of freedom in your schedule is very rewarding; however, proper judgment is a must since we are all mature students now.

Heavy metal pollutant

Heavy metal pollutant An ongoing debate regarding the exact definition for heavy metal pollutant, there are many different definitions have been proposed. For example, some based on density, some on atomic number or atomic weight, and some on chemical properties or toxicity. The commonly definition of heavy metal is the element with a high (>5.0) relative density and atomic weight. Kyung Ah Moon(2007) said thatheavy metals as metal or metallic materials and described them as metals which are toxic and accumulated in the human body Heavy metals normally occurring in nature are not harmful to our environment, because they are only present in very small amounts. The heavy metals only become pollution when they show up in huge amounts due to industrialization. The word of pollution is an emotive term, meaning different things to differentpeople: a reasonable general definition might be ‘too much of something in the wrong place (Harrison, 1990). To many people, heavy metal pollution is a problem associat ed with areas of intensive industry. However, roadways and automobiles now are considered to be one of the largest sources of heavy metals. The heavy metals causing pollution are mercury, arsenic, copper, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, and zinc .Toxic heavy metals in air, soil, and water are global problems that are a growing threat to the environment. The sources of heavy metal pollutants are metal mining, metal smelting, metallurgical industries, and other metal-using industries, waste disposal, corrosions of metals in use, agriculture and forestry, forestry, fossil fuel combustion, and sports and leisure activities. Heavy metal contamination affects large areas worldwide. Hot spots of heavy metal pollution are located close to industrial sites, around large cities and in the vicinity of mining and smelting plants. Agriculture in these areas faces major problems due to heavy metal transfer into crops and subsequently into the food chain.About half of the zinc and copper contribu tion to the environment from urbanization is from automobiles. For example, Brakes release copper, while tire wear releases zinc. Motor oil also tends to accumulate metals as it comes into contact with surrounding parts as the engine runs, so oil leaks become another pathway by which metals enter the environment. we know what is heavy metal pollution and the sources of it ,but what is the effect of it for our body. Generally, humans are exposed to these metals byingestion (drinking or eating) or inhalation (breathing).Working in or living near an industrial site which utilizesthese metals and their compounds increases ones riskof exposure, as does living near a site where these metalshave been improperly disposed.Heavy metals are dangerous because they tend to bioaccumulate in food chain. Là ¡szlà ³ (2008)said that Bioaccumulation means an increase in the concentration of a chemical in a biological organism over time, compared to the chemicals concentration in the environment. Compounds accumulate in living things any time they are taken up and stored faster than they are broken down (metabolized) or excreted. Now we are going to describe the kinds of heavy metals, their dangerous levels and the effects of these heavy metals to human health and environment. The heavy metals such asLead, Cadmium, Copper, Chromium, Selenium and Mercuryare very pollutants. Lead in humans, Long term exposure can occur acute or chronic damage to the nervous system on humans. Cadmium in humans, long-term exposure is associated with renal disfunction. High exposure can lead to obstructive lung disease and has been linked to lung cancer, and damage to humans respiratory systems. Copper is an essential substance to human life, but in high doses it can cause anemia, liver and kidney damage, and stomach and intestinal irritation. Effect of the Mercury is to cause damage to the brain and the central nervous system. Chromium (VI) compounds are toxins and known human carcinogens, whereas Chromium (III) is an essential nutrient. Breathing high levels can cause irritation to the lining of the nose; nose ulcers; runny nose; and breathing problems, such as asthma, cough, shortness of breath, or wheezing. Skin contact can cause skin ulcers. Allergic reactions consisting of severe redness and swelling of the skin have been noted. Long term exposure can cause damage to liver, kidney circulatory and nerve ti ssues (Martin,2009), so heavy metal cause extremely effect for human, but what about environment. Heavy metals may be used to extract gold and other raw materials from the earth, but its left behind an extremely destruction. Bilal (2006) writs that Soil and water are considered a last resort for most of the chemicals produced by the rights.heavy In natural pollution of environments, this pollution created through the dissolution of heavy metals with water during the natural cycle of water through the rocks or through the soil containing quantities of these metals such as mercury, lead, zinc, nickel, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron and others. This phenomenon exists in many countries, contamination may occur naturally in the ground because of the interactions of metals with sulfur oxidizing substances can activate such interactions the presence of nitrates that can come from many sources(Omadar,2009).Artificial pollution may occur pollution in streams that come from the mines of these tables contain heavy metals and high concentrations of these metals in turn can be grouped in th e structure of exposed rock due to direct contact with oxygen in such a phenomenon found in the eastern provinces of Germany, where in the work of extracting minerals , and types of industrial pollution, mineral processing and manufacture of the final, produces large quantities of industrial wastes that contain many types of harmful metals such as chromium, mercury, lead, nickel, cadmium .. Etc.. These wastes discharged into the open water or drainage systems without careful elimination and therefore the move waste into rivers and lakes are the primary sources of drinking water, and in many cases heavy metal penetrate the soil to the water basins due to the illegal discharge of contaminated water into the ground. Sources of pollution, heavy elements are multiple and vary depending on the type of heavy metal and raw materials but most of these sources are industrial waste or transfer of these elements of air into the water by dissolution in rainwater. The risk of contamination of hea vy metal elements: For the risks related to animals living in the aquatic environment, these heavy metals accumulate in their bodies and may lead to death in the event of a high concentration of heavy pollutants. While the health risks related to people up to him through the transition metals to fish and plants and then to humans through food, accumulate in the human body, causing serious illnesses by type of metal. There are risks associated with aquatic plants and soil planted with these plants that are irrigated with polluted water

Vaccination: A Necessary Precaution Essay -- Medicine Vaccines

The issue regarding vaccinations and their accompanying side effects has been a prevalent debate throughout society and medicine for a number of years. Some continue to believe that vaccinations are harmful and actually promote disease, but the truth is that the concept of immunization is one of the most significant advances in scientific history that has led to the prevention of countless diseases and epidemics throughout the world. Still, despite the overall improvement of public health, the usage of vaccinations remains a controversial concern that is constantly challenged. Vaccination critics argue that the serious side effects associated with vaccines have been underreported, underfunded, and rarely researched. This, however, is false. Vaccinations are a necessary part of society because they prevent the spread of major diseases, reduce the severity of illness, boost one’s immune system, and in turn, protect the populous from potential epidemics. The definition of a vaccination, as stated by the Encyclopedia Britannica, is â€Å"a suspension of weakened, killed, or fragmented microorganisms or toxins or of antibodies or lymphocytes that is administered primarily to prevent disease† (Encyclopedia Britannica). Vaccines stimulate the immune system to attack the specific harmful agent and then cause the anti-bodies to remain sensitized in case the agent should ever reappear in one’s system. Obviously, this can be helpful when trying to prevent disease, or any other illness for that matter, since the anti-bodies specific to that type of illness remain present in one’s body lest the illness returns. Since infants are extremely susceptible to infirmity, many are vaccinated as early as the first month of their life. This helps p... ...ubmed/11032190>. Encyclopedia Britannica. "Science & Technology::Vaccine." Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, Web. . Fisher, Barbara Loe. "In the Wake of Vaccines." Mothering.com 126 (2004): n. pag. Web. 30 Nov 2010. . Narins, Brigham. World of Microbiology and Immunology. 1. Farmington Mills, MI: Gale, 2003. Web. . Riedel, Stefan. "Edward Jenner and the History of Smallpox and Vaccination." Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings 18.1 (2005): 21-25. Web. 1 Dec 2010. . Williams, Tony. "God's Will and Dead Viruses." Internet Review of Books Sep. 2010: 304. Web. 30 Nov 2010. .

Instructions Essay -- essays research papers

How to Change the Oil in Your Vehicle Why should you change your oil? Everybody should change their oil in their vehicles whether or not they do it themselves. Changing your oil yourself is not very hard and saves you money. Changing your oil is very critical. In fact, manufacturers recommended that you change your oil at least every 3,000 miles. You will increase the engine life of your car. The oil is what keeps the engine lubricated. When oil gets old it becomes dirty which causes friction. Draining the old oil and adding new oil will prevent this friction, thus increasing the reliability and life of your engine. It is also necessary to change your oil filter every time you change your oil. The oil filter is what filters out the particles before they reach your engine. A new filter will filter out particles a lot better than an old and dirty one. These instructions will take you through the steps so that you will be able to change your oil in your own driveway. Caution: Changing your oil can be very dangerous. Never lay under a vehicle only supported by a jack. You must use jack stands or you will be putting your self at risk. Oil can also be very hot, so take extra precaution when removing the drain plug.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Things that are needed to change you oil ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  clothes you don?ft care about getting dirty  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a jack  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  some old rags ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  a funnel ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  oil pan or a container that holds at least 6 quarts ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  latex gloves (optional: Helps keep your hands clean) ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  wheel blocks ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  oil filter wrench ?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 jack stands or ram... ...the oil in, replace the oil fill cap and wipe up some of the oil you might have spilled.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Start the engine and with the engine running, carefully check around the filter for any leaks. If there is a leak, tighten up the oil filter a little more. If no leaks are found, shut off the engine and jack the car down. Once the car is on level ground again, recheck the oil and make sure it is at the full mark. Do not over fill the oil, that will cause engine damage. Changing your oil can be a simple process. Always be cautious when you are laying underneath a vehicle. Having the oil changed every 3,000 miles is strongly recommended and will increase the life of your engine. It is required by law that you put the oil in a container and dispose it at a nearest garage If you have any doubts or do not feel like you are that mechanically inclined you should go the safe route and bring it to a professional place.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Humor in Midsummer Night’s Dream Essay

Historical records from the late sixteenth century are marked by the severe outcomes of the plague, which spread throughout most of Europe. The increased death rate and famine suppressed cultural development and thus very few works of art or literature were produced. During these devastating years, the young poet William Shakespeare refused to travel to the provinces, away from London, where the plague had reached enormous extents. On the contrary, in 1593 and 1594 he composed the poems Venus and Adonis and Lucrece which were both met by great interest and excitement. These positive responses encouraged Shakespeare and with even stronger efforts he wrote the play A Midsummer Night’s Dream in the beginning of 1595, when the plague was brought under control. This work not only marks the end of famine and suffering in London during the late sixteenth century, but also signifies that the Master is now â€Å"confident in his art, at ease with it, as a man in his dressing-gown†. Categorized as a festive comedy, A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a considerable advance in Shakespeare’s work. The most remarkable evidence for this advance is the skilful usage of different variations of humor in one play. Another distinctive aspect of the work is the incorporation of another play within the borders of A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Analysis of different characteristics of the work should inevitably focus on the story of the craftsmen performing â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe†, since this part is a representative of Shakespearean comedy and all of its patterns. Therefore, it also portrays the impressionable usage of humor, or more specifically, of literary devices and social characteristics, not only in A Midsummer Night’s Dream but also throughout all Shakespearean comedies. The poet’s works can be roughly categorized in four categories: tragedies, comedies, histories, and romance. All of them are having separate characteristics, tone and style, involving different literary devices and mechanisms. Comedies are usually stories with happy ending, lighthearted patterns and often involving a marriage. They all have a distinct usage of humor, which can be defined as innovative and typically Shakespearean. The plays usually present the struggle of young lovers who have to get over many obstacles in pursue of their feelings and often involve mistaken identities,  separation and unification, heightened tensions within a family, and multiple plots. One very significant trait of the poet’s comedies is that they do not involve any satire, which makes them more lighthearted and easy to process. The common setting of the plots tends to be nature, more specifically the â€Å"green world†. This is one of Shakespeare’s preferred cites since it creates a more casual atmosphere, where jokes and puns easily find their way to the public, unbound by the social norms present the city. Another significance of the setting is the current time period, which constitutes the pattern of the society, its expectations and rules, and its literacy. The poet carefully takes advantage of the prejudices and the ideologies of the public and hence makes his comedies very contemporary, discussing topics that are relevant to the time period. Shakespearean comedies imply the participation of the audience and therefore they are dependent on people’s way of viewing life and way of expression. A play performed during the period of its setting would be far more funny and entertaining than the same play performed nowadays because of the evolved human way of thinking. Nonetheless, Shakespearean comedies contain certain literal devices creating humor, which function in the same way now, as four centuries ago. The story of the amateur and awkward actors in A Midsummer Night’s Dream contains a great deal of those devices, which make it independent upon the public, still involving it in its plot. One of those devices is the use of prose throughout the play within Shakespeare’s work. The poet removes the whole rhyme pattern in order to emphasize the puns and jokes in the course of the plot. When the actors are talking in a plain manner the humor is more easily transferred to the public, since they do not have to perceive the rhyming. Furthermore, the prose contributes to the image of the craftsmen. Their illiteracy and simple-mindedness can be identified easily through their way of expression. The artisans speak in a simple manner, corresponding to their social class standing. Although they are striving to use a more sophisticated language, they mix up grammar and spelling in a very comic way: â€Å"Have you the lion’s part written? Pray you, if it be, give it me; for I am slow of study†. The usage of prose in the play also creates plain humor, which does not need to be interpreted in any way. This is simple poetic device that creates comedy, which is equally funny now and four centuries ago. Sentences as â€Å"I will undertake it† bring about the same reaction of the public regardless of the time period. This mechanism may be the most frequently used one in the part with the artisans, but probably the most efficient device is the word play, created through the misspellings and wrong pronunciations of the craftsmen. Shakespeare takes advantage of the sound similarities between words with completely different meanings and adds the alternatives to the mechanicals’ speech. In their efforts to sound more sophisticated, the artisans mix up words as â€Å"obscenely†(Shakespeare, 68), â€Å"parlous† (Shakespeare 87), â€Å"disfigure† (Shakespeare 88), â€Å"savours, odours† (Shakespeare 89), â€Å"translated† (Shakespeare 91), â€Å"presently† and so forth. Those confusions create different connotations and meanings, thus entertaining the audience. For example, Bottom misuses obscenely, meaning seemly, or more precisely, â€Å"fitly†; instead of â€Å"parlous† Snout should have said â€Å"perilous†, and Bottom completely mixes â€Å"odours, savours, odorous†. All these mistakes build a very efficient humor mechanism that Shakespeare uses in most of his comedies. Another effective literary device that Shakespeare had mastered is the mix of short and long sentences, presenting the interrupted lines of thought of the artisans, their inability to express themselves and their lack of education. It also contributes to the authentic tone of their natural conversation: â€Å"A calendar, a calendar! Look in the almanac – find out moonshine, find out moonshine† (Shakespeare 69). Bottom’s excitement disables him to form complete and meaningful sentences; he wants to express himself as fast as he can, regardless of the way of expression. The frequent usage of â€Å"and†, instead of â€Å"if†, in the beginning of the sentences, shows that the artisans’ thoughts and ideas are flowing during the course of their speech: â€Å"Thus hath he lost sixpence a day during his life: he could not have ‘scaped sixpence a day. And the Duke had not given him sixpence a day for playing Pyramus, I’ll be hanged† (Shakespeare 122). The obvious repetition here also signifies the awkwardness and narrow-mindedness of the mechanicals. Their personalities are also involved in the creation of the remarkable comedy. Except for their illiteracy, simple and narrow mindedness and their awkwardness, the artisans have more traits that build their image of comic characters. Nick Bottom, for example, is a overconfident weaver, who is the central figure in the plot of the story. He has an incredible belief in his abilities and skills and pretends to  dominate over the other mechanicals. Bottom does not accept the fact that he is illiterate and therefore his confused words make him sound ridiculous. He loves to exaggerate and over-dramatize, praising his own self-esteem. The weaver does not realize that the others are not taking him seriously and is not aware of his foolishness. His image may seem absurd and worthy of pity, but it also gains the public’s attention and sympathy. In this way the audience is in the same time laughing at his words and perceiving them as something honest and simple. Bottom is always ready to undertake anything that would make him important. From the play it can be derived that he developed a complex of inferiority, which, nonetheless, does not seem dispiriting but comic. When Peter Quince is giving out the roles for â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† Bottom is repeatedly showing his will to act for everyone. After every single role is announced, he is awkwardly trying to portray himself as the most appropriate actor for it: â€Å"That will ask some tears in the true performing of it. If I do it, let the audience look to their eyes: I will move storms, I will condole, in some measure. †( Shakespeare 65). There is an interesting comic reference here to one of the main themes of the play, the use of one’s eyes in love. This is evidence that the story of the amateur actors is representative of the whole play and the humor used is relevant to the main course of A Midsummer Night’s Dream. Finally, Bottom is assigned the role of Pyramus, who is â€Å"a lover that kills himself, most gallant, for love†. There is an obvious contradiction between the images of the mechanical and Pyramus, which adds funny absurdity to the comedy. â€Å"Gallant† is probably the least appropriate description of the tall and clumsy craftsman. Bottom’s confidence often diminishes the role of Peter Quince, another character that entertains the public through his speech and attitude toward the future performance. He is an ordinary carpenter who is not experienced in anything else than his craft. He tries to be the leader of the group that is attempting to put together the play â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe†. Even though his directions are respected, they usually meet the disapproval of the other artisans. Peter Quince takes advantage of the short-mindedness of his fellows and comes up with irrational justifications of his decisions, which, nonetheless, seem true to the craftsmen: â€Å"That’s all one: you shall play it in a mask, and you may speak as small as you will. † (66 Shakespeare); â€Å"You can play no part but Pyramus; for Pyramus is a sweet-faced man, a proper man as one shall se in a summer’s day, a most lovely, gentlemanlike man† (68 Shakespeare). This is how Peter Quince succeeds in convincing Bottom that he is perfect for the role of Pyramus – using his high self- esteem and need to be granted recognition. Peter Quince further contributes to the comedy by selecting Francis Flute, a bellows-mender, for the role of Thisbe. Even before the actual performance, the audience imagines how the ordinary craftsman is speaking in a â€Å"small† voice, wearing a mask which is supposed to hide his beard. Flute’s determination to overcome his sense of masculinity, which is ridiculed in the play, is a remarkable sacrifice for the success of the performance. His extreme readiness fascinates the public and presents the seriousness of the artisans. Also from this scene it can be derived that the craftsmen are putting all their efforts into the performance. Robin Starveling, first chosen to play Thisbe’s mother, readily accepts his role, which would make him more than an ordinary tailor. Later on in the play, he is assigned the role of the moonshine, which does not discourage him. The same comic enthusiasm is also shared by Tom Snout, the thinker who is chosen to play Pyramus’s father but later on receives the role of the wall separating Pyramus and Thisbe. Together with Snug, the joiner chosen to play a lion, they both feel they have significant parts in the performance, and every one of them is concerned about his role. For instance, Snug is worried that his roaring may frighten the ladies in the audience. He is determined that his acting will convince the public that he is a real lion and the other craftsmen agree with him. Their funny concerns are followed by even more comic solutions – there will be a Prologue who will reveal the true personalities of the craftsmen before the performance, and Snug will show a part of his face to comfort the ladies in the audience. In this way the suspense of the whole performance will be ruined, but the artisans are afraid that their acting skills may be too sophisticated. The craftsmen’s low level of education, short and narrow mindedness and awkward speech play a great role in the development of the comedy. They are all ordinary characters, from the low working class who have one and the same goal – to achieve something remarkable and worthy of respect. Despite their comic lack of sophistication, they succeed in entertaining the audience in another, more original and funny way. The play of â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† is a tragedy but their performance can be more precisely defined as a tragic comedy. The actual performance is played during the celebrations of Theseus’s marriage and even though it is inappropriate for such occasion, it turns out to be successful. In the beginning the audience is confused by the strange and amateur acting, but finally the craftsmen appear to be the culmination of the whole festival. The performance is welcomed by a â€Å"flourish of trumpets†, which are very inappropriate for the following fiasco. There is a distinct comic contrast between the flourish of the trumpets, usually meant to signify a glamorous work, and the impressions following the play. Peter Quince, taken the role of the Prologue, confidently steps onto the scene and starts reading from the scroll, unintentionally changing its meaning by mistaking its punctuation: â€Å"That you should think, we come not to offend, but with good will. To show our simple skill, that is the true beginning of our end. † Although this seems funny to the reader, the audience in the play is first confused by the illiteracy of the Prologue: This fellow doth not stand upon points† (Shakespeare 129), meaning that he is not â€Å"punctilious†. At first, Theseus is embarrassed by the awkward performance of Quince and wonders if there is a reason for his mistakes. Without being worried about his weak performance, the determined craftsman continues his important speech, full of comic sentences, as â€Å"he bravely breached his boiling bloody breast†. The true meaning of â€Å"breached† is actually stabbed but Shakespeare uses this word to create a comic alliteration. After the Prologue has reassured the audience, the reader encounters another comic effect of the play – the characteristics of the Wall, played by Snout. It is intentionally described as alive and moving: â€Å"Wall parts its fingers† (Shakespeare 130). The Wall is personified which makes the whole performance even more ridiculous and funny. As the other craftsmen, Snug also wants to be noticed in the performance and thus overacts, making his role more than absurd. Robin Starveling and Snug, acting as the moonshine and the lion, also take their parts more seriously than they should have and contribute to the comic tragedy that the play â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† eventually becomes. The audience, although confused by the whole performance, is entertained and the efforts of the craftsmen are justified. They reached their goal of producing something for which they will be acknowledge and respected, even though their intentions were not fulfilled. The story of the artisans performing the play â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† contains plenty of humor devices and comic scenes, which make it representative of Shakespearean comedies in many ways. First of all the small play represents the struggle of young lovers to overcome the difficulties set by the circumstances in pursue of their feelings, which is a typical theme for a tragedy, but after the performance it is also associated with humor and comedy. Furthermore, the amateur actors represent the illiteracy of the low class. Shakespeare recognizes the importance of this widespread for the particular time period problem, but in the same time he portrays the comic part of it and praises the artisans’ strive to achieve something meaningful. By his usage of humor he is not criticizing the artisans; he rather justifies their difficulties with grammar and expression in general. The play â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† is not a lyrical digression from the main topic of A Midsummer Night’s Dream. It presents another outcome of the situation with the lovers, more undesirable and lacking a happy end. Shakespeare produces a play within the play to further entertain the audience and show the comedic character of his work. Another interpretation of the story of â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† may be the initial intention of Shakespeare to write a tragedy, not a comedy. By the time he writes A Midsummer Nights Dream, he has mastered to an extent the tragic genre, and feels more comfortable producing such pieces of literature. The occasion though, a marriage celebration, requires from him to create a rather entertaining work. Maybe through the incorporation of the small play, Shakespeare implies that his original idea was to create another tragedy. He does not allow the audience to feel the tragic nature of â€Å"Pyramus and Thisbe† by using a great deal of humor in it. Even though Shakespeare produces A Midsummer Night’s Dream in a period of time when people are not concerned about art and literature, but about their survival, the play has great success ever since then. The conventional humor used to portray the lovers’ struggles seems untouched by time and the evolving human way of thinking. Four centuries after it was written, the work still fascinates with its characteristics and mechanisms. Comedies are generally a very hard genre because what is funny today may not be funny at all tomorrow. Despite that fact, Shakespeare’s genius manages to create a universal humor, using comical devices that are still interesting and entertaining. By those devices he creates a parallel world where time is a relative term and where humor and laughter are the driving forces – world where people are entertained in spite of the social norms and rules. Bibliography Biscay, Matt. â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream: A Comedy. † Skyminds. net. 2006. Skyminds. net. 08 Nov 2006 . Mahony, Simon. â€Å"Simon Mahony Academic Stuff. † Pyramus and Thisbe in Shakespeare and Ovid. 2002. King’s College London. 5 Nov 2006 . McFarland, Thomas. Shakespeare’s Pastoral Comedy. North Carolina, USA: The University of North Carolina Press, 1972. Parrot, Thomas. Shakespearean Comedy. New York, USA: Russel & Russel, 1962. Shakespeare, William. A Midsummer Night’s Dream. 2003. Editor: Brian Gibbons. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Teague, Francis. Acting Funny: Comic Thoery and Practice in Shakespeare’s Plays. London: Associated University Presses, 1994.

Woodlawn Case Part 3

Case Part 3 Report for the CFO There are several necessary journal entries that have been made to adjust the unadjusted trial balance. For Allowance for doubtful accounts: 1. In 2009, $ 58,621. 84 was directly written off to bad debt expense reflecting the amounts owed by customers who had gone bankrupt during the year. The journal entry would have been recorded as Dr Bad debt expense 58,621. 84 Cr Account receivable 58,621. 84 To record the uncollectable amount due to customer bankruptcy.The conditions of using the direct write-off method is either for companies in their first year of operations, or for whom uncollectible accounts are immaterial. Woodlawn does not fit either case. Therefore, it is wrong for Woodlawn to use the direct write-off method. The following journal entry is what should have been recorded, Dr Allowance for doubtful account 58,621. 84 Cr Account receivable 58,621. 84 To record the uncollectible amount due to customer bankruptcy. Therefore, the following adjust ed entry is made to correct the write-off of $58,621. 4. Dr. Allowance for doubtful account 58,621. 84 Cr. Bad debt expense 58,621. 84 To record the correction of error made in write-off. 2. Historically, bad debt has averaged out to approximately 1. 5% of revenues. Therefore, we estimate that bad debt in 2009 would be 1. 5% of revenue. The journal entry is the following, Dr. Bad debt expense 20,279. 28* Cr. Allowance for doubtful account20,279. 28 To record the estimated uncollectible amount. *(Calculation: 1. 5%*$1,351,951. 83=20,279. 28) 3. As Tim mentioned that Woodlawn has received $93,256. 1 that’s over 90 days past due since August 31, 2010. There is no journal entry needed to be done, since it had past the fiscal year end. 4. Woodlawn has not received $69,942. 13 from Erie Limited that’s past due over 90 days. But since Erie always paid its bills, there is no need to write-off Erie Limited to AFDA. No adjusted entry needed. 5. Calculation of total amount of All owance for doubtful accounts (AFDA). Assumption for calculating AFDA: we estimate the percentage for AFDA in 2010 to be 11%. This estimation is based on: 1.Based on the information Michael provided, the worse of the recession is over and current economic conditions have improved since last month. 2. Customers are paying slower then previous years due to bad economic conditions. Therefore the percentage of AFDA should fall in a range among percentages of 2008-2009, which is 4. 9%-13. 1%. We estimate 11% to be a better choice. The total amount of AFDA ending balance is 11%* $374,692. 53=$41,216. 18 In order to calculate the AFDA amount needed to adjust, we need the AFDA opening balance which is $35,000 from trial balance, the correction of error made in write-off $58,621. 4. $ 58,621. 84| $35,000 ? | $41,216. 18| ADFA ? = $41,216. 18+$58,621. 84-$35,000=$64,838. 02 The adjusted entry is made based on the previous information, Dr Bad debt expense 64,838. 02 Cr Allowance for doubtful ac counts 64,838. 02 To record the adjustment made for Allowance for doubtful accounts at the fiscal year end. For Insurance: Calculation of the adjustment of prepaid expenses at the year end: Prepaid insurance for the beginning of September 1, 2009: $9,300 Insurance from Fife Insurance:Policy Period: 2010/05/20-2011/05/20 Amount: $12,885. 48 For the period beginning at Sept, 1 2009, to year end at August 31,2010 is 103 days in total, Total Insurance expense = $12,885. 48* 103/365=$3,636. 18 Balance required at year end=$12,885. 48-$3,636. 18=$9,249. 30 Prepaid expense adjustments =$9,300-$9,249. 30=$50. 70 The adjusted entry is made based on the previous calculation, Dr Insurance expense $50. 70 Cr Prepaid insurance$50. 70 To record the adjustment of prepaid insurance

How to lose weight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How to lose weight - Essay Example The major causes of obesity and overweight includes increased intake of foods with high energy density, such as sugars and unsaturated fats. Another cause of obesity is leading a sedentary or physically inactive lifestyle, especially in people consuming foods with high energy and fat contents (WHO 2). There are various methods of losing weight including exercises, controlling dietary intake, taking diet pills among other techniques. This paper discusses on how to lose weight through exercises and controlling dietary intake. According to WHO, the rate of obesity in developed countries has risen more than three times since 1980 mainly because of increased consumption of foods that have high energy density, such as sugars and saturated fats(2). These poor eating habits are accompanied with reduced physical activity, because of engaging in passive working environment or aversion to physical exercises. Currently, gaining excessive weight is not limited adults alone. Steer and Jebb noted that an increasing number of school going children are affected with the condition that has reached epidemic levels in the world. Thus, the high rate of obesity is a clear indicator of the changing behavioral patterns of different communities in the world. Although genetic composition determines vulnerability of a person to gain weight, energy balance in the body is influenced by the amount of calories in the diet and the physical activity .Changes in the society such as high economic growth, urbanization, liberalization of food markets and advance in technology are some of the factors that have acerbated the epidemic. In addition, technology has resulted in the production of automated transport, passive entertainment and leisure activities at home, which require less physical activities (WHO 2). According to Steer and Jebb, controlling the amount of calories in food that we eat is one of the most practical ways of losing weight. People of

Politics of development Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Politics of development - Article Example Globalization reduces rather than contributes to inequalities giving low developed nations a chance to progress and grow, acquire new technologies and innovations in all spheres of life. Globalization has both positive and negative impact on the third world countries identified by the development stage and economic possibilities. For the third world countries, positive effects of globalization involve free trade and integrated economic relations, low barriers to trade and cultural communication, political unity and easy travel, technology transfer and labor turnover. Governments take measures to make their economies more or less attractive to global investors. In addition, nation-states have retained control over education, infrastructure, and, most importantly, population movements. Indeed, immigration control, together with population registration and monitoring, has often been cited as the most notable exception to the general trend towards global integration. (Friedman 2000). Although only 2% of the world's population live outside their country of origin, immigration control has become a central issue in most advanced nations. Many governments seek to restrict population flows, particularly those originating in the poor countries of the global South. Even in the United States, annual inflows of about 600 ,000 immigrants during the 1990s reached only half the levels recorded during the first two decades of the 20th century (Stiglitz 2002). Finally, the series of drastic national security measures that were implemented worldwide as a response to the terrorist attacks of 9/11 reflect political dynamics that run counter to the hyper-globalizers' predictions of a borderless world. Some civil rights advocates even fear that the enormous resurgence of patriotism around the world might enable states to re-impose restrictions on the freedom of movement and assembly (Wade et al 2006). At the same time, however, the activities of global terrorist networks have revealed the inadequacy of conventional national security structures based on the modern nation-state system, thus forcing national governments to engage in new forms of international cooperation (Hirst and Thompson 1999). Following Stiglitz (2002): "Globalization can further be defined as the arrival of 'self-generating capital' at the global level: that is, capital as capital, capital in the form of the TNC, free of national loyalties, controls, and interests. This is different from the mere internationalization of capital, which assumes a world of national capitals and nation states; it is the supersession by capital of the nation state (p. 10). At the outset of the 21st century, the world finds itself in a transitional phase between the modern nation-state system and postmodern forms of global governance (Yip 1995). Regional clubs and agencies have sprung up across the world, leading some observers to speculate that they will eventually replace nation-states as the basic unit of governance. Starting out as attempts to integrate regional economies, these regional blocs have, in some cases, already evolved into loose political federations with common institutions of governance. On a global level, governments have formed a number of international organizations, including the UN, NATO,

MS Project and Critical Path Analysis (1 Day Training Program for Essay

MS Project and Critical Path Analysis (1 Day Training Program for Level 6 UG Students) - Essay Example The report outlines the training content and other resources as per initial requirements communicated by Mr. Smart. The program specifically focuses on using MS Project and CPA in Project Management Methodology. Project Management Ltd. (PML) has been invited to prepare the project management plan for Big Idea Ltd. The project is a one day training program on ‘project management and the use of MS Project and Critical Path Analysis (CPA)’ for level 6 undergraduate students. The project plan, including costing, marketing and controlling will need to be incorporated in the report. Big Ideas Ltd. has approached us to prepare the plan for the one day training program and requires us to be associated on it throughout the project life cycle, from doing the feasibility study to completion of the project. Although, the company has started the feasibility study for the project, it requires PML to start from this stage of the project. The project is a one day training program aimed at level 6 undergraduate students of all universities. It is intended to teach the students the importance and use of MS Project and the Critical Path Analysis (CPA) in Project Management. As students are set to enter the professional world after college, their knowledge and skills at Project Management tools and techniques would be handy in carrying out their day-to-day management and reporting activities easily. Defining project requirements Big Ideas Ltd. expects the consulting team from PML to carry out the following tasks: a. Define the team’s approach to developing the plan using the Project Life Cycle; b. Develop a scope statement; c. Outline the main themes for the training day, with a brief statement of each presentation; d. Develop a work breakdown structure and explain it; e. Include a suitable team structures for each phase of the project; f. Estimate time and cost durations of activities both before and on the day; g. Construct a Gantt chart to determine the base line cost and duration of the project and analyse it; h. Provide a process for monitoring and controlling the project; i. Construct an outline project risk register; j. Conduct a Stakeholder Analysis of the project; and k. Provide a recommendation. Definition of project management Firstly, we define what project management is and its scope. â€Å"Project management is concerned with the overall planning and co-ordination of a project from conception to completion aimed at meeting the stated requirements and ensuring completion on time, within cost and to required quality standards. It is normally reserved for focused, non-repetitive, time-limited activities with some degree of risk and that are beyond the usual scope of operational activities for which the organization is responsible.† (Project Management (1.7 ProjectManagement.pdf), 2012). Project management includes the managing of resources, time, schedule and performance and costs of a project.

American Music Composers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

American Music Composers - Essay Example These learnings were then inculcated in the styles and forms apt to American culture and tradition to be able to compose "American classical music" (Sherrane 2007). This may be so, but the song and music heritage of the United States credits many American composers who have contributed to the musical history of the country. Among these composers is Charles Ives (1874-1954), hailed as the greatest American Composer by Time Magazine and Leonard Bernstein (Gutmann 2002). The History of American Classical Music is very rich and deep in its context. There are many contributors to American Classical music and they have indeed shaped what American music is today. These composers and musicians have worked hand in hand to establish music that has shaped how music is composed, played, performed, and listened to. The great American composers have sought to define music and contradict the form and style to be able to create new music that is apt for American culture and tradition. Born and raised in Danbury, Connecticut, Charles Edward Ives was a democrat who was described as fierce, optimistic, and idealistic in his ways of creating music that unified the voice of the American people with music derived from European classical music form and style (Swafford 1998). What emerged from the genius of Charles Ives was music that surpassed the expectations of man and his imagination. His music was in every essence bursting of American culture yet unique in its every note, tempo, and form. The primary influence and driving force of Charles Ives in his musical pursuit was his father, George, who was then leader of the Danbury Village Band. At five years old, he was found by his father drumming his fists on the piano and was hence given drum lessons (Swafford 1998). It was also his father from whom he received his first lessons in piano and other instruments. Until the maturation of his musical career, Charles Ives was infamous for "requiring a board to play the Concord Sonata" (Swafford 1998). This lead to what is now called the "tone clusters" (Swafford 1998). His interest in bi-tonal forms, polyrhythms and quotations was as well instilled by his father (G. Schirmer Inc. 2006). As his father loved exploring acoustics, dissonance, happenstance, and counterpoint, Ives was raised with an inquiring and transcendental approach to music (Gutmann 2002). As George Ives would always then say to him: "Don't pay too much attention to the sounds--for if you do, you may miss the music. You won't get a wild, heroic ride to heaven on pretty little sounds", Charles Ives sought to capture the emotion, the story, and the spirituality of life using music (Swafford 1998). Ives was thus driven to search for that heroic ride to heaven. What resulted from this was his creation of music so radical and original in its technique and style that it was surprisingly complex and very tricky to perform. In 1893, Ives left Danbury to study in Yale, New Haven. There, he underwent training under the supervision of Horation Parker, who was then famous for his high-Victorian oratorio Hora Novissima (Swafford 1998). It was in Yale that Ives created his First Symphony and First String Quartet, that he later subtitled "From the Salvation Army" in an attempt at a joke (Swafford 1998). It was during these four years in Yale that he got a better grasp of large scale forms, and his works then revealed a developing maturity

Review of Accounting Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Review of Accounting Ethics - Essay Example Accounting ethics, which are set by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (Audi, 2009). The ethics are contained in the accounting principles that dictate the way businesses should account for their sales, profits, and costs. The principles are known as the International Financial Reporting standards, and these govern mainly public organizations, which are required to publish their annual statements. In the last decade, there has risen cases of bleach of accounting ethics, and this raised questions among investors concerning the effectiveness of the business environment (Kushniroff, 2011). The cases involved organizations such as Enron, Tyco, WorldCom, and Yahoo among others. The rise of these cases triggered the implementation of several regulations in the accounting sector, which include the requirement for accountability and the involvement of the community in dealing with cases that concern bleach of ethics. The accounting environment requires state corporations to reveal their annual statements to the public through the media. The accounting boards require companies also to employ internal and external auditors to verify the annual statements. Business stakeholders such as investors and shareholders are now more aware of business ethics than they were in the last decade. This indicates that the business environment and regulations are conducive for ethical behavior (Kushniroff, 2011). Those who break the rules are individuals who are mainly interested in making personal gains rather than companies. 2. Based on your research, describe the organization, the accounting ethical breach and the impact to the organization related to ethical breach. Tyco is a company that offers fire fighting and prevention equipments to industries such as banking, transportation, health care, and marine in over fifty countries in the globe. Kozlowski, the chief Executive of the Company in 2002, bleached the accounting prin ciples of the firm by assigning himself illegal bonuses worth six hundred million dollars. The executive also used the company’s finances personally by purchasing expensive jewels and organizing private parties (SEC, 2002). The company suffered the loss of finances that were used by the executive to satisfy his personal needs. Tyco also wasted finances when following up the case against the executive; this money would have been used more efficiently had the case not arisen. The organization also lay off numerous workers. These consequences led to the decline in the company’s sales and profits that consequently reduced price of the firm’s stock (Kushniroff, 2011). 3. Determine how the organizational ethical issue was detected and how management failed to create an ethical environment. The case against the CEO of Tyco company was brought to light by Robert Morgenthau, a Manhattan District Attorney in 2002 (SEC, 2002). The attorney discovered the fraud while he was investigating cases of tax evasion against Kozolowski. The investigation of tax evasion had been ordered by the Securities and Exchange Commission, which had discovered that Tyco was settling personal taxes for Kozolowski. Robert disclosed the fraudulent statements that he discovered in the company’s books to the SEC, which then launched further investigations. The management of the company had failed to cover personal expenses with their salaries. The investigation

Websites Essay Example for Free

Websites Essay Websites are an integral element in ensuring proper electronic communications between various entities bearing in mind that the world is rapidly going high-tech. Websites may thus be categorized into 3 groups namely: bad; good; or ugly. Good sites ensure fast maneuverability besides offering accurate and relevant information. Ugly sites are those that appear plain silly owing to various omissions or unnecessary additions. Conversely, bad sites have the characteristics of being inefficient to use owing to poor design. The Department of Homeland Security website is an example of a good site because it is both interactive besides providing original and credible content. Regarding interactivity, the website has provisions for visitors to subscribe to electronic mail alerts (Department of Homeland Security, 2010). This aspect ensures that visitors are up-to-date regarding the organization’s activities. Concerning credibility, the website provides current news about activities that have been carried out by known homeland security officials. This aspect makes the site credible with regard to information. Conversely, the Space Is the Place website appears ugly owing to its awful color combination. For example, the colors blue and yellow are placed side-to-side (Harman, 2007). The contrasting nature of these colors makes the site quite off-putting especially to color-sensitive visitor. To rectify the site’s appearance, the designers should do several things. For example, they should modify the color scheme to incorporate more complementary colors. Moreover, they should adjust the appearance of the suspended saint to show that he is comfortable. This will make the appearance plausible by changing the current appearance whereby the saint is controversially happy while hanging in space. Moreover, by making the website’s content less crowded, the designers will make the website more acceptable. Conversely, the Ling’s Cars website is poorly designed. To begin with, the advertised cars are barely visible due to obstruction by huge adverts. Further, numerous eerie images litter the site, making it unintelligible. To cap it all, the websites’ arrangement of various elements is simply outrageous (Biz/ed). To improve the site, the cars should dominate it since it is meant to sell them. Moreover, the images on the site should be systemized, perhaps, providing them in slide form, so as to enhance readability. To improve overall quality, the haphazard arrangement of the site’s many features should be overhauled by creating definite sections that hold specific elements.

Critical Evaluation Of Brand Strategy Of VGI

Critical Evaluation Of Brand Strategy Of VGI Abstract This report is a depiction of the brand strategy adopted by an automobile company Volkswagen. This primarily covers the brand management by the company including the critical evaluation of the brand strategy adopted with context to its brand value, brand image and brand positioning. The report provides the reader to have critical analysis of the brand management and at the end of the report a conclusion is drawn on the basis of analysis in the body of the report. In main part of the report there is VIP analysis followed Boston matrix and product life cycle for the detailed explanation of topic. Various brand strategies adopted by the company are also touched in this part of the report. The conclusion is followed by some suitable recommendation of the brand strategy management of the company. Introduction Branding The concept of branding in market is related to the production of brand and in the views of Hankinson Cowking (1993) that branding is tagline that used to differentiate product from other competitors in market. Branding is defined as identity of a specific product, service or business. A brand can take many forms, including a name, sign, symbol or slogan. The world brand began simply as a way to tell one persons cattle from another by means of a hot iron stamp. The word brand began has continued to evolve to encompass identity- in effect the personality of o product, company or service. In the views of Johnson and Scholes (2002, pp. 140) branding is an important feature for saturated market and for the slow growing markets. The brand provides recognition and allows adding value, image and position to the company. An effective brand strategy is very useful for the survival and future growth of company. Branding is used to promote the products of the company in an easier and effective way. It builds up identity and for communicating the story of brand as in India the concept of storytelling is popular tool for advertising. Importance of Branding The branding is the face of the product that company offers to its customers hence every company has to toss their branding strategy effectively. Since this is beneficial in making the impression of product or services in the mind of customers. An effective and impressive brand name always attracts the customers and keeps the position and image of the company in their minds. This even gains to make the customers think and moved towards the use of another product of same company to which they are not familiar. A good quality brand image in business matters a lot; the brand of the company is always seen as in differential part of the company which shows its value and quality. With an effective and strong brand the image of the company goes rise. Strong brand of business facilitate other brands to link with each other different products of the company. The brand name of company used for the different products of the company for effective selling in market. (Source Hankinson Cowking, 1997 pp- 156) Company Introduction VOLKSWAGEN DAS AUTOS The automobile company is well known for its services and higher satisfaction among their customers. Volkswagen group of India is subsidiary of worldwide famous Volkswagen AG. It switches to brand of Volkswagen in addition to two other existed brands of Skoda and Audi in Indian market. These brands possess its own character manoeuvres in an autonomous manner. The establishment of this subsidiary was in year 2007. In Indian autos market the brand image is featured by the size of vehicle, technologies of driving and different features like ABS, EPS and air bags and galvanized bodies of automobiles. Multi branding v/s Corporate Branding There are two main concepts taken corporate branding and multi branding that are explained as followed by the company: Multi Branding: Concept of multi branding in the company mainly based on the objective to become most innovative manufactured volume complies with best quality product specifically considering medium to long term classless. With theme and slogan Vorsprungdurch Technik of Audi brand in considered as solid brand in automotive premium segment. In addition brand of Skoda is a combination of intelligent concepts in using space and technical innovation also covering the design and good money value (Kapfere, 2009, pp 276). Corporate Branding: Volkswagen carries three main brands by having messages of responsible innovation and providing Enduring Value. The car under the corporate brand there is passenger cars convey reliability and quality and engineering of German skills at the global level. This facilitate in becoming the first choice in millions of the customers when buying a car. Critical Evaluation of Brand Strategy of VGI In the views of Porter (1993), for successful administration of a company there must be an identified strategy that itself serve as a position and must be able to handle competition through brand strategy of the company and is primarily differentiate into three parts as. Cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy. Brand strategy of Volkswagen is well maintained. As India is important market for the strategic marketing especially in automotive industry. There are good opportunities for future growth as a result of outstanding conditions of demands. But the noticeable condition is that there is very high competition full with challenges of conditions of market, different lifestyle, and behaviour of consumers. Branding is key success factor for Volkswagen in order to gain good market position and competitive advantages therefore it become very successful in the Indian Automobiles of market. As branding plays a vital part for the Volkswagen and make it differentiate from other competitors in market. Kotler has viewed his comment on the leadership that a cost leadership is not possible, differentiate is their competitive strategy (Kotler, 2008, p.468). Also Varey considered brand as unique and for selling the proposition in the emerging markets. Branding Value of Volkswagen The brand value is an important aspect of a brand. This can be illustrate as the customers are usually willing to spent or pay more for that product that is related to any known brand, they preferred brand that the product. The brand value is hence defined as that extra money made by a company or can be made from the selling of its products in solely way only due to the name of its brand. For example For Volkswagen group India there is late entry of the Volkswagen group of India in the market as compared to other competitor rivals. Due to this company has lack to gain the first mover advantage in market and hence less gain in the brand value. For further development the company in order to strengthen its brand value it follow the strategy by making corporate statement innovation for everyone. While marketing any product, importantly in India, the most crucial factor is quality and price of product as India is at a halt a poor country. Brand Image for Volkswagen Brand image is specified as those qualities which are related to the association to customers with the particular brand. It is expressed as the human behaviour and their wants and desires, but not enough it also associates with the situational use, price and quality of the brand. Here example can be taken as the Mercedes Benz which possesses a string brand image due to its product quality and features and their price, this came to make an image of brand in the minds of customers about that particular product. The brand image is not an inherent character for a company brand though this can be achieved through the advertising and campaigns. Brand image is identity of the product in market and is a symbol of the company that make its impression and image in the minds of customers. The Volkswagen with its new brand name Das Auto along with its vision, the company is going to create new image by surrounding proximity and convenience via affordable innovations. The Volkswagens brands of Skoda and Audi managed in such a way that curved their position in stiff ad competitive automobile market and creating their baton of brand image in consciously sensitive markets like India. Brand Positioning In the view of Armstrong (2002), brand positioning zeroes in on customers and gives them a reason to buy a product in preference to others; it differentiates a product from other products based on attributes. Walter (1997) also states that position of brand is perception among target customers. The Volkswagen group of India as came back into market after the period of ten years it has going to position its brand again in the minds of their customers and in market. The company has positioned its brand bracketed to set of above middle classed customers whose income is above average and have the thrill to show off as and where compared to brand Audi which is expensive and very showing type is designed for those types of consumers that are sporty and want to show off more with expensive expenditure. On contrary the Volkswagen brand is suitable for the average persons and also full the desire to show off. The company has managed them with a separate position in market. According to a stat ement given by the director of VW passengers cars Mr. Neeraj Garg that the company will take some time for making its position and there is a slow process to gain position into the minds of customers of India. Segmentation In India most driving factor is recognised affordability, due to this the market of domestic cars is segmented on to accordance with their prices. There is price based competition in Indian market therefore the car is segmented as below: Multi Segmentation Geographical segmentation Demographical segmentation Social Class Marketing Strategy Marketing Strategy adopted by Volkswagen brand after its launch in India in 2007 in relation to marketing Mix Marketing Mix Marketing mix of Volkswagen Brand Source: Kotler, P Armstrong, G (2004) For brand strategy of Volkswagen there is involvement of first P according to marketing mix is Product as described in model. The product in this model is defined as that combination of services and goods sell to the customers by the company or organisation in target market (Armstrong Kotler, 2005). From analysis it is found that product is also a part of Brand name. Design and quality are the main product features that possess variety in them. Here an example can be quoted for a brand of Volkswagen Touareg that has been sold in India comprises of a package of seating, engine, breaks and engine etc. (Volkswagen India, 2009). Hence for product strategy the company is equipped with variety and design in their products including warrant for them which in turn results in good response from the customers and make them satisfied and bring loyalty in them. The second P in this model if marketing mix is price. Price is of a product or service is defined as that amount which is paid by customer to the organisation or company for buying their products or services offered to them (Armstrong Kotler, 2005). While discussing the price strategy it has been found that there are 61 dealership offers high prices for the products to sell in India as compared to their rivals like Honda city and Ford, but there is variation that the company charge interest rate by 4.5 5.0 % instead of other rivals make with 8% or more as a loans given by banks or building societies of other rival car makers. This facility is attributed by the Volkswagen financial Services that aided to support the sales of the company to their customers. There is next P for the marketing mix is Place that is also very crucial in Brand management. The place usually referred to that place where there is availability of products of company to their customers. As in concerned to Volkswagen the company involved in using dealers and distributors for the purpose of the sales of their products. There are two modes for the dealers to get authorised either through franchised or direct ownership of company. For the company their network related to their dealers is very important and is maintained in a proper way because the product of the company are introduced through them to the customers, hence it is very important. In the views of Kotler 2005 the company usually share their losses and profits both with their dealers for purpose to maintain the quality of cost leadership. At present the Volkswagen has fine relationship with their dealers in India and also involve in the dealing of their products with Skoda with 61 leaders (Top News, 2010). The last and fourth one P is Promotion. The promotion has variance in their objectives that has to be achieved in market. The promotion is usually handled with the tool of advertisement. The promotions for customers are added through the advertisement that results in the excitement among them. The aim of promotion is to pull in target consumers. These promotions are based on the scheme of non profit but in turn results in the profit for the company (Bradley, 1993). For example the Volkswagen Company in year 2009 has launched a promotion named Pre Monsoon campaign published by Motor beam, 2009. This promotion is for the purpose to establish the brand of company India. In India the company offered a variety of range of services to their customers and fro this company is getting profit from the promotions of the company brand. Pricing strategy Pricing strategy of Volkswagen: In the vies of Lowe and Doole (et al 2006), for any company at the initial stage of launch in market introduced with two adopted strategies for pricing, one is marketing skimming price strategy and other one is market penetration pricing. The company Volkswagen has choose the strategy of market penetration pricing. In this strategy previously the prices were set high so that there can be coverage of initial investment this is so because the company had invested a lot of money in the business to set up the unit in Pune, Maharastra. Ansoff Growth Matrix Model for Strategy Source: Kotler, P Armstrong, G (2004) For further analysis there is discussion in accordance with the given model of Ansoff Growth Matrix for Volkswagen. This model usually depicts the different areas of market development of the product of the company. This development is in relation with company and that aspect that are very important for the diversification of market. The thing is that this company has been diversified as it enters into new market. Market development According to Reiziger (et al, 2003) when a company took entrance into a new market and launch themselves by introducing existing products this is came to know as the development of market, and the main aim of the company is to lure the customers from the their existing competitors in that exiting market i.e. new market. The company Volkswagen has got the entry into Indian market in 2007 by launching their product Jetta, then after two years in 2009 the company has launched two new cars in market with their existing brand using the brand value in market these cars are ionic beetle and the Touarge sedans (Volkswagen India, 2010). Diversification Again in the views of Reizger (2003) this is the entrance of any new company with having the launch of their new product under its own brand is termed to be diversification. This strategy is commonly recognised as most risky one as there is introduction of two new entities one is market and other one is product. For the Volkswagen diversification is not so risky, as it has already successfully launched a variety of cars in the market with its own brand and in accordance with its brand image and with every brand it has inched higher and created sense of the demand in the market on every launch of new products. Most currently the company has as innovation there are four new car that has gone to be launched in 2012 and these new coming products are SUVW, Couple, Up and Blue Sport (Volkswagen, 2010). Conclusion Recommendation: As from above discussion it is concluded that Volkswagen has got an effective branding strategy but there are some factors that has to be taken into consideration for the company to make its brand VIP. In India this company is represented by three brands i.e. Audi, Skoda and Volkswagen and posses their own identity and features and an independent manner in market. The brand of Volkswagen along with Audi and Skoda provide good level of consistency and excellence in the market within the existing value, image and position of its brand in target market of automobiles. It has also been concluded that the company adopted brand leveraging strategy. The product launched by the company are good from all aspects and given for strengthen the brand image and identity in market. Having discussion over the marketing mix all the aspects of the marketing mix by the Volkswagen are handled in an effective way, company cover all areas of price, promotion, place and product well but there is some need to pay emphasis over the promotion and price aspect of the brand strategy to get the good response in market. It is also concluded that there is lack of loyalty factor in Indian market of Auto brands as compared to the other markets. The company Volkswagen is new in the market and hence there is low brand awareness of the company in market. There must be raise of awareness among all the required fields of market. There must bring up some improvements and creation of the brands. As in Indian market which is basically driven by the price and prerequisites, company Volkswagen carry on its brand with the quality factor only. This is criticised here because this strategy will create hindrance in the brand development and prosperity of the company. The factor of Cannibalization can be seen as it can pay an important role for the Volkswagen approach for the branding i.e. multi branding approach and hence resulting in the brand that are new take the business away from that which are already established in market. There are some suggestions that the company can adopt for the effective brand management are to drive the response of the customers as they are the key link for the success of the company and there must be online and offline programmes of marketing. The company has to be involved in the Build Brand Engagement process to learn how the consumer wants to link up with the brand of product. They must continue to attempt at increasing the customer loyalty.